The Danube plays an important role in shaping the flora of Szigetköz.

On the higher parts of area, with more accumulated sediment, riverside willow scrubs prevail, whose typical representatives include the purple willow and the black maul (Salix purpurea, Salix triandra). Their main species include the white willow (Salix alba), the crack willow (Salix fragilis), the white and black poplar (Populus alba, P. nigra), common alder (Alnus glutinosa), European white elm (Ulmus laevis) and summer glow (Prunus avium). Along the Moson-Danube, the plant communities, typical of the area, are so rich that one can only pick a few remarkable species to quote such as the English oak (Quercus robur), the hazel (Corylus avellana). The protected plants on these spots, beside the various types of wild orchids, are the marsh gentian (Gentiana pneumonanthe), Siberian iris (Iris sibirica), common cotton grass (Eriphorum angustifolium). 80 percent of Hungary’s fish fauna can be found in Szigetköz, such as the brown trout (Salmo trutta fario), pond loach (Misgurnus fossilis), European mudminnow (Umbra krameri), barbel (Barbus barbus), catfish (Silurus glanis), sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), and tench (Tinca Tinca).

Almost every species of amphibians typical of Hungary can be observed here. Those most frequently sighted are edible frogs (Rana esculenta), moor frogs (Rana arvalis), European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) and green tree frog (Hyla arborea). The number of reptiles, their typical representative, the European grass snake (Natrix natrix). The number of bird species observable in the region is estimated at 230. For example: cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), grey heron (Ardea cinerea), night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), black kite (Milvus migrans), Montagu’s Harrier (Circus pygargus), black stork (Ciconia nigra), great white egret (Egretta alba), purple heron (Ardea purpurea), white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), osprey (Pandion haliaëtus), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), tufted duck (Aythya fuligulathe), pochard (A. ferina), scaup (Aythya marila), long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemallis), velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca), and common scoter (M. nigra). Among the protected mammals we can find the ermine (Mustella erminea), pine marten (Martes martes) and the European beavers (Castor fiber). An extraordinary animal of the area, a relic from the ice age, is the highly protected tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus mehelyi).